Human Physiology important topics for NEET include digestion, respiration, circulation, excretion, and neural control.
Human Physiology is a pivotal section in the NEET Biology syllabus, accounting for about 16% of the exam questions.
Mastering this unit can significantly enhance your overall score.
While every chapter is important, some areas—such as Body Fluids and Circulation, Neural Control and Coordination, and Chemical Coordination and Integration—tend to carry more weight.
To help you focus on high-yield topics, we’ve compiled a list of the most frequently tested concepts in Human Physiology for NEET.
Digestion and Absorption
This chapter lays the groundwork for understanding Human Physiology, with 1-3 questions typically appearing in the exam each year.
Key areas to focus on include:
Alimentary Canal – Structure and function of the digestive tract
Digestive Glands – Salivary glands, liver, pancreas, and their roles
Digestive Enzymes – Their function in breaking down food
Nutrient Absorption – How and where different nutrients are absorbed
Common Digestive Disorders – Jaundice, diarrhea, and vomiting
Breathing and Exchange of Gases
This chapter delves into the mechanics of human respiration, with around 1-2 questions appearing each year.
Essential topics include:
Respiratory Mechanism – How inspiration and expiration occur
Respiratory Volumes & Capacities – Tidal volume, vital capacity, etc.
Gas Exchange – Diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide
Oxygen Dissociation Curve – Bohr’s and Haldane effects
Regulation of Breathing – Neural and chemical control mechanisms
Respiratory Disorders – Asthma, emphysema, and related conditions
Body Fluids and Circulation
This chapter, which covers blood, lymph, and the circulatory system, contributes approximately 2-3 questions in NEET.
Important concepts include:
Blood Composition – Functions of RBCs, WBCs, and platelets
Blood Groups – ABO system and Rh factor significance
Heart Structure & Function – Chambers, valves, and conduction system
Cardiac Cycle – Phases and associated heart sounds
ECG Interpretation – Understanding P waves, QRS complexes, and T waves
Circulatory Disorders – Hypertension, atherosclerosis, and related conditions
Excretory Products and Their Elimination
On average, this chapter yields 1-2 questions in NEET.
Key focus areas include:
Kidney Structure & Function – Nephrons and renal corpuscle
Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) – Factors affecting GFR
Tubular Function – Reabsorption and secretion processes
Counter Current Mechanism – Role of Henle’s loop and vasa recta
Regulation of Kidney Function – Influence of ADH and aldosterone
Excretory Disorders – Conditions like kidney stones and uremia
Locomotion and Movement
At least one NEET question is drawn from this chapter every year.
Topics to concentrate on include:
Types of Muscles – Skeletal, smooth, and cardiac
Muscle Structure – Sarcomere and contractile proteins
Muscle Contraction – Sliding filament theory explained
Skeletal System – Overview of skull bones, vertebral column, and rib cage
Joints and Disorders – Types of joints and common conditions like arthritis
Neural Control and Coordination
With 1-3 questions in the NEET exam, this is a high-yield chapter.
Key concepts include:
Human Neural System – Central, peripheral, and autonomic nervous systems
Neuron Structure & Function – Different types and their properties
Nerve Impulse Transmission – Action potential and signal conduction
Brain Anatomy & Function – Role of cerebrum, cerebellum, and medulla
Eye & Ear Mechanisms – Structure and functioning of photoreceptors and the auditory system
Chemical Coordination and Integration
As the most significant chapter in Human Physiology, this section extensively covers the endocrine system, with 2-4 questions typically appearing in NEET.
Essential topics include:
Pituitary Gland – Hormones and their functions
Pineal Gland – Role of melatonin in biological rhythms
Thyroid Gland – Functions of T3, T4, and calcitonin
Adrenal Gland – Hormones like cortisol, adrenaline, and noradrenaline
Pancreatic Hormones – Insulin and glucagon regulation
Hormone Mechanisms – Pathways like cAMP and IP3 signaling
Smart Preparation Strategies for NEET and Human Physiology Important Topics for NEET also
Focus on conceptual understanding rather than memorization.
Use NCERT-based short notes for quick revision.
Solve previous years’ NEET questions to identify patterns.
Utilize mnemonics and diagrams to enhance retention.
Regularly take mock tests to improve time management and accuracy.
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Final Thoughts
While the topics listed above are critical for NEET, remember that questions can come from any part of the syllabus.
A well-rounded approach covering all chapters thoroughly will maximize your score.
Stay consistent with your studies, revise frequently, and practice as many MCQs as possible.
Wishing you the best for NEET 2025! Stay determined and keep pushing forward.